If you own a 2012 Ford Fusion or plan to buy one, you should know about common power steering issues. This guide explains what goes wrong, why it happens, warning signs, fixes, recalls, and how to avoid trouble. Use this article to stay informed and safe.
1. What Are the Common Power Steering Issues?
1.1 Sudden Loss of Power Steering Assist
A frequent problem is unexpected loss of electric power steering (EPS). One moment the wheel turns easily. The next, it becomes very stiff and hard to turn—especially at low speeds.
This issue often shows a dashboard warning like “Power Steering Assist Fault.” It typically appears when starting the car or while driving. Turning the ignition off and on again may restore assist temporarily :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}.
1.2 Error Codes and Warning Lights
Drivers sometimes see codes like U3000 or C1277. These point to failures in the power steering gear or steering angle sensor, which is part of the rack and pinion assembly :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}. A warning message—“Service Power Steering”—may also light up.
1.3 Intermittent Failures on Startup
Another problem happens only at start-up. The steering may lock up initially, then return to normal after restarting the engine :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}. Some report that the “AdvanceTrac” warning light also comes on.
2. Why Does This Happen?
2.1 Faulty Power Steering Gear & Sensor
The main cause is failure of the EPS rack’s internal motor and steering motor sensor. When sensors fail, the steering loses its assist :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}. Ford found a design flaw and recalled affected models.
2.2 Software or Electrical Faults
Sometimes the issue lies in outdated software or faulty wiring/ground. Auto parts failure—like relay contacts iced over or loose connectors—may also lead to EPS errors, especially in cold weather :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
2.3 Steering Angle Sensor Malfunction
Codes like C1277 indicate steering angle sensor failure. This sensor is inside the steering rack and helps the car detect wheel position :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}. A faulty sensor means the rack must be replaced or recalibrated.
3. Recalls and Warranty Information
3.1 EPS Recall 15S18
In July 2015, Ford recalled nearly 394,000 Fusions (2011–2012) for a defect in the electric power steering assist.
– The recall is identified as NHTSA campaign 15V340000 / Ford 15S18.
– Owners notified in July 2015.
– Dealers check the power steering control module (PSCM). If codes show loss of assist, the steering gear gets replaced. If not, the PSCM software is updated :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}.
3.2 NHTSA Investigation Outcome
NHTSA investigated from 2010–2017 after more than 500 complaints and 59 crash reports. In February 2024, they closed the probe, noting failure rates declined and recalled vehicles showed fewer problems. No new recalls were issued :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}.
3.3 Extended Warranty and Eligibility
Fusions built before February 28, 2012 qualify. Ford’s recall covers replacement or software updates under no-cost warranty. If your car falls outside this, repairs may cost hundreds or more.
4. What Owners Say
Real users repeatedly face EPS faults:
> “My power steering has gone out four times now. … Dealer replaced the steering gear assembly based on diagnostic codes.” :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}
> “I had my car out of town, cost me 3 days in hotel and $1,600 to fix it.” :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}
> “There was a recall for this problem back in 2015 … repairs covered by recall should be free.” :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}
One Reddit user explained:
> “Ford had a 15N01 recall … warranty valid for 10 years or 150,000 miles. My warranty expired in August 2021 and I have 152k miles. Ford refuses to pay.” :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11}
5. How to Diagnose and Fix the Problem
5.1 Step 1: Check for Recall and VIN
Use Ford’s VIN lookup or NHTSA’s site to verify if the recall (15S18) was completed. If not, visit a dealer to get free repair or update.
5.2 Step 2: Scan for Error Codes
Use an OBD-II scanner with EPS code capability. Codes like U3000 or C1277 show rack or sensor failure. Always fix these rather than guessing from intermittent symptoms.
5.3 Step 3: Software Update or Module Repair
If no codes, a PSCM software update from the dealer may restore power assist. This is a simple and free fix under recall.
5.4 Step 4: Replace Steering Gear or Rack
If codes appear, rack replacement is needed. Deals may cost $800–1,500 at dealer, less at aftermarket shops. You might need steering angle sensor recalibration.
5.5 Step 5: Inspect Wiring and Battery
Check wiring for damage or corrosion. Low voltage from a weak 12 V battery or poor ground can cause EPS faults :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}. Replace the battery or clean connections.
5.6 Step 6: Tire and Suspension Check
Uneven tire pressure or worn suspension parts can cause hard steering, making EPS work harder but not fail the system :contentReference[oaicite:13]{index=13}.
6. Estimated Repair Costs
| Issue | Dealer Recall / Warranty | Independent Repair |
|---|---|---|
| Software update | Free under recall | $50–100 |
| Steering gear replacement | Free under recall if code exists | $800–1,500+ (parts & labor) |
| Battery replacement / wiring repair | Not covered | $120–300 |
| Suspension or tire fixes | Not covered | $100–500 |
7. Preventing Future Issues
- Verify recall compliance right away and keep proof.
- Periodically scan for EPS-related trouble codes.
- Maintain battery health and ensure clean, tight electrical grounds.
- Monitor tire pressure and steering components as part of routine service.
- Be alert for EPS warning lights or error messages—act quickly.
8. Buying a Used 2012 Fusion? Tips to Protect Yourself
- Check recall status via VIN; ask seller for recall repair documentation.
- Request a scan log showing EPS errors or codes.
- Test drive around turns and at low speed to feel for assist loss.
- If a recall repair was done, confirm it didn’t need steering gear replacement.
- Factor in repair costs when negotiating price.
9. Summary and Key Takeaways
The 2012 Ford Fusion had a widespread issue—loss of electric power steering—caused by EPS rack sensor failures. Ford recalled the model under campaign 15S18 in July 2015 and offered free repair or software updates. NHTSA closed its safety probe in February 2024 without adding new recalls.
If your Fusion shows EPS warning lights, hard steering, or recorded error codes, your first step is checking recall status. Dealers will either update software or replace the steering gear for free. For out-of-warranty vehicles, expect $800+ for rack replacement. Other repairs like battery, wiring, tire, or suspension work cost less.
Stay proactive—scan periodically, fix issues early, and keep detailed records. If you plan to sell or buy, use this guide to check recall history and system health.
Conclusion
The 2012 Ford Fusion’s electric power steering problems were serious, but recognizably fixable. The July 2015 recall (15S18) offered a path to resolution. By checking recall status, scanning for codes, and addressing issues early, you can avoid dangerous steering failures and expensive repairs. Already own one? Start with a VIN check, error code scan, and battery health review. Thinking of buying? Use this guide to make a safe and smart purchase.
Take action now—verify recall status, address EPS concerns, and drive with peace of mind.